The report features 10 case studies representing distinct freshwater, mountain and dryland areas at different sites across Asia and Africa, where local communities solve challenges of environment and livelihoods through ecosystem-based approaches. This collection of case studies can provide evidence, experience and lessons learned on building resilient livelihoods through the conservation, restoration and sustainable management of ecosystems in a geographically diverse and cross-cultural context. 

Taking advantage of data and information mainly collected by means of household surveys at sites, the report showcases a sustainable livelihoods framework revealing the effects of different ecosystem-based approaches on the livelihoods of local communities.  Key findings in the report underline the importance of human capital, diversified income activities, and social inclusiveness in linking natural capital to human society to achieve multiple co-benefits. 

These case studies demonstrates that rural households’ livelihood outcomes can be enhanced through ecosystem-based approaches, not only with more income, but also increased well-being, reduced climate vulnerability, improved security, advanced sustainable use of natural resources, and more decent jobs. They make a strong argument for greater attention to be paid by local, regional, national and international actors and agencies to collaboratively enhance the capacity of local people to implement ecosystem-based approaches towards the attainment of our 2030 agenda. 

This report is part of the UNEP Climate, Ecosystems and Livelihoods flagship programme, which is the 10-year strategy of the United Nations Environment Programmme – International Ecosystem Management Partnership (UNEP-IEMP). It is expected to enhance the good practices knowledge hub and capacity-building in order to help implement nature-based solutions and facilitate South-South cooperation of vulnerable developing countries.