The report of "Gender Equality and Sustainable Development in the Mountain Areas of Asia" was issued online in July, 2021. This report was completed by UNEP-IEMP in cooperation with Local Initiatives for Biodiversity, Research and Development (LI-BIRD). This more than half a year’s work was financially supported by "Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences" and the "Science-Based Advisory Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations" through Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). This study aims to review how gender equality has been integrated in policies, institutions, and interventions to address multiple SDGs. This report focused on the SDGs related to climate change, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem restoration and food security in mountain areas of Asia. First, the relationship between gender and related SDGs in mountain areas is overviewed from global and regional perspectives. Second, five mountain countries in Asia, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Nepal, and Thailand are selected to review gender equality in climate change adaption, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem restoration and food security from three aspects of policies, institutions, and interventions. Finally, key findings and recommendations on promoting gender equity in above fields are summarized. This is the joint publication between UNEP-IEMP and Li-Bird in Nepal.