China needs sustainable agriculture with fair emissions. Data shows 2015 was a turning point: emissions down 16% by 2020, but inequality up 13%. Key drivers: farmland, other inputs, labor, productivity (not capital). Farmland and other inputs cause most inequality. Optimizing inputs is key to reducing both.

This study assesses climate change vulnerability in the Pan-Third Pole region, finding significant differences among Nepal, Cambodia, Thailand, and Myanmar. Cambodia is most vulnerable, followed by Thailand, Myanmar, and Nepal. Factors like exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability vary, highlighting the need for tailored policies and international investment to address vulnerabilities and enhance adaptability, especially for smallholder farmers.

Journal Title:Journal of Resources and Ecology

Volume/Issue/Page: 2024, 1015-1026

Published Time:August 2024

This study finds that closing polluting enterprises in China boosts rural livelihoods, especially in human, natural, and physical capital, and spurs labor migration, with greater effects in Southern China and among wealthier households. It advises local governments to support sustainable agriculture and green industries, and to consider vulnerable groups in policy-making.

Journal Title:Sustainable Development

This paper reviews the domestic and foreign ecological agriculture and ecological farm concept and policy practice, analyze the progress and differences of relevant research at home and abroad, the study found that China's ecological agriculture started late but developed rapidly, the research heat rise but Chinese literature, the international and domestic research focus, and in the quantitative evaluation of ecological agriculture model and measures.

Journal Title: Chinese Journal of  Eco-Agriculture

Volume/Issue/Page: 2024 ,32 (04): 701-712

Published Time: April, 2024

This study evaluates agricultural environmental impact in China, focusing on GHG emissions from smallholder farms. Findings indicate that emissions exceed global averages, with synthetic fertilizers being the primary source. Optimizing farm practices, especially reducing nitrogen use, could significantly cut emissions and boost profits, aligning with climate objectives.

Journal Title: Journal of Cleaner Production

Volume/Issue/Page: 2023, 139720

Published Time: December, 2023

In the Pan-Third Pole, rural energy transitions are key to fighting climate change. A survey shows off-farm income boosts energy spending, shifts to commercial energy, and adjusts consumption. Robust checks and analysis confirm this, with country differences. Policies should promote off-farm jobs, infrastructure, and energy education.

This study tests the assumption that CCLP reduces chemical fertilizer use by substituting with organic fertilizer. Analyzing 1295 Chinese agricultural data points, it found CCLP actually increased both types of fertilizer use, especially in large-scale farms and certain households. This challenges the assumption.

Journal Title: Journal of Cleaner Production

Volume/Issue/Page: 2023, 137359

Published Time: August, 2023

Global food security and sustainability depend on smallholder farms, yet their GHG impact is understudied. Using a localized LCA database, we assessed the GHG reduction potential of Chinese smallholder farms. Integrating crop and livestock production (CCLP) with on-farm feed and manure recycling can reduce GHG emissions by 17.67%, and further optimization could achieve a 28.09%-41.32% reduction, highlighting CCLP’s potential for sustainable agriculture.

Journal Title: iScience

Volume/Issue/Page: 2023, 106798

Published Time: June, 2023

This article revealed a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between per capita nighttime and carbon emissions with a per capita GDP of 139.8 thousand Yuan corresponding to the turning point. For help prefecture-level cities to achieve peak carbon, they must strive towards high-quality economic growth and accelerate transformation of economic growth modes to improve low-carbon pilot policies, and such projects should be implemented in more cities.

Journal Title: Heliyon

Volume/Issue/Page: 2024 e36312

Published Time: August, 2024